1.1外保温系统的脱落
1.1 external insulation system shedding
（1）所用胶粘剂达不到质量、性能要求，采用机械固定时锚固件的埋设深度和锚固数量不符合设计规范；粘结胶浆配比不准确，选用的水泥不符合技术要求；粘结面积过小，未达到相应产品设计规定。
(1) The adhesive used can not meet the quality and performance requirements, the depth of anchorage and the number of anchorage parts do not conform to the design specifications when mechanical fixation is used; the proportion of cement paste is not accurate, the selected cement does not meet the technical requirements; the bonding area is too small to meet the corresponding product design requirements.
（2）基层表面的平整度超出基层允许偏差范围；其表面含有妨碍粘贴的物质，未进行界面处理。
(2) The smoothness of the surface of the base exceeds the allowable deviation range of the base; the surface of the base contains substances that interfere with adhesion, without interface treatment.
（3）采用的挤塑板密度不足，抗拉强度过低，满足不了保温系统自重及面层荷载对其强度的承载要求，导致挤塑板被拉损破坏。
(3) The density of the extruded board is insufficient and the tensile strength is too low, which can not meet the requirements of the insulation system weight and surface load on its strength, resulting in the tensile damage of the extruded board.
1.2冬季内墙面返霜结露
1.2 frost and dew in winter
保温结点设计方案不完善，形成局部热桥断点；施工时苯板的切割尺寸不符合要求，施工质量粗糙造成板间缝隙过大，也没有做相应的板条填塞处理。
The design scheme of insulation node is imperfect, forming local hot bridge breakpoint; the cutting dimension of benzene plate does not meet the requirements during construction, and the construction quality is rough, resulting in excessive gap between plates, and no corresponding slab filling treatment.
1.3保温板的空鼓、虚贴
1.3 hollow plate of insulation board
（1）基层墙面的平整度达不到设计要求，墙面过于干燥，在粘贴保温板时没有对基层采取掸水处理；雨后墙面含水量过大，还没等墙体干燥时就进行板的粘贴，引起胶浆流挂，导致空鼓、虚贴。
(1) The flatness of the base wall can not meet the design requirements, the wall is too dry, in the paste insulation board did not take water treatment for the base; after rain, the wall moisture content is too large, not waiting for wall drying when the board paste, causing slurry to hang, resulting in empty drum, virtual paste.
（2）胶浆的配制稠度过低，粘结剂的粘度指标不合理，胶浆贴附到墙面时产生流挂，导致板面局部空点虚贴。
(2) The consistency of the paste is too low, the viscosity index of the binder is unreasonable, and the paste will produce sagging when it adheres to the wall, which leads to the void pasting of the local holes on the board.
（3）施工时不是用双手均匀的挤、揉、压板面，而是用力猛压板的一端造成另一端翘起，在敲、拍、震动板面时，引起胶浆脱落，导致板面的空鼓、虚贴。
(3) In construction, instead of squeezing, kneading and pressing the plate surface evenly with both hands, one end of the plate is forced to press one end of the plate, causing the other end to heave up. When knocking, beating and shaking the plate surface, the adhesive slurry will fall off, resulting in the empty and empty surface of the plate.
1.4面层的空鼓、开裂
Hollowing and cracking of 1.4 layers
（1）水泥的掺入比例过大，胶浆的强度标号过高，面层胶浆早期收缩过快；胶浆的吸水率过高，冬季因冻融、冻胀作用等均会引起开裂。
(1) The cement content is too large, the strength of the mortar label is too high, the early shrinkage of the surface mortar is too fast; the water absorption rate of the mortar is too high, due to freeze-thaw, frost heave in winter can cause cracking.
（2）工程用砂选用中砂，导致砂的过筛粒径过细，含泥量过高，粒径级配不合理造成开裂。
(2) Medium sand is used in engineering sand, which leads to fine sieve size, high mud content and unreasonable grain size gradation.
（3）挤塑板没有完成对外保温养护期的要求，上墙后产生较大的后收缩，引起面层的开裂；苯板粘贴时局部通缝或在窗口四角没有套割引起开裂。
(3) When the extruded board fails to meet the requirement of external heat preservation and curing period, a large POST-SHRINKAGE occurs after the upper wall, resulting in the cracking of the surface layer; when the benzene board is pasted, the cracking is caused by local through-seam or no sleeve cutting in the corner of the window.
（4）玻璃纤维网格布的平米克重过低、延伸率过大、网格布的网孔尺寸过大或过小、网格布的耐碱涂敷层的涂敷量不足，耐碱强度保留率过低，网格布的埋设位置不当；网格布间断处无搭接或搭接尺寸不符合要求引起开裂。
(4) Glass fiber mesh cloth has low plain weight, high elongation, large or small mesh size, insufficient alkali-resistant coating, low retention rate of alkali-resistant strength, improper placement of mesh cloth, and cracking caused by no overlap or overlap size at the discontinuity of mesh cloth.
（5）窗口周边、四角及墙体转折处等易产生应力集中的部位，未设增强网格布以分散其应力；抹底层胶浆时，直接把网格布铺设于墙面上，胶浆与网格布不能很好的复合，网格布起不到约束和分散应力的作用而引起开裂。
(5) The stress concentration is easy to occur at the periphery of the window, the corner and the turning point of the wall, and there is no reinforced mesh cloth to disperse the stress; when plastering the bottom layer of the glue, the mesh cloth is directly laid on the wall, the glue and the mesh cloth can not be well combined, and the mesh distribution can not cause cracking because of the effect of restraint and dispersion stress.
（6）胶浆没有进行充分搅拌，保温板板面不平，特别是相邻板面不平，造成抹灰厚度偏差，收缩不一致导致裂缝。板间缝隙应用胶粘剂填塞。
(6) The surface of the insulation board is uneven, especially the adjacent boards are uneven, resulting in the deviation of plastering thickness and the cracks caused by the inconsistent shrinkage. The gap between boards is filled with adhesive.
（7）面层施工时在太阳曝晒下进行，抹完面层后未及时喷水养护，导致面层失水过快，引起干缩裂缝；在面层抹灰时，有时采取蘸水拍浆的方式，导致面层骨料过少产生裂缝。
(7) in the sun under the surface construction, wipe the surface water is not timely maintenance, resulting in excessive water loss caused by the surface layer, the shrinkage cracks in the surface layer; plastering, sometimes take dip shoot slurry, can cause cracks in the surface layer of aggregate is too small.
（8）面层未设保温系统的变形缝而引起开裂；在保温系统的截止部位，对材质变换处的防水处理或柔性、刚性的处理不当，产生裂缝。
(8) surface layer insulation system without cracks caused by cracking; in as part of the insulationsystem, to transform the waterproof material or flexible or rigid improper handling of cracks.